12th summary

Open-sources

Operating Systems
- Linux
- FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and NetBSD: The BSDs are all based on the Berkeley Systems Distribution of Unix, developed at the University of California, Berkeley. Another BSD based open source project is Darwin, which is the base of Apple's Mac OS X.

- Internet
- Apache, which runs over 50% of the world's web servers.
- BIND, the software that provides the DNS (domain name service) for the entire Internet.
- sendmail, the most important and widely used email transport software on the Internet.
- Mozilla, the open source redesign of the Netscape Browser
- OpenSSL is the standard for secure communication (strong encryption) over the Internet.categories.

Programming Tools
- Zope, and PHP, are popular engines behind the "live content" on the World Wide Web.
- Languages:
　　Perl
　　Python
　　Ruby
　　Tcl/Tk
- GNU compilers and tools
　　GCC
　　Make
　　Autoconf
　　Automake
　　etc.


Complete information of open source program is given in
www.sourceforge.net
www.codeproject.com.

The news and usage of open source(Darwin, Apple): http://www.opensource.apple.com/apsl

Mac OS X includes the Open Source WebKit HTML rendering engine that powers the Safari web browser, Dashboard, and other Mac OS X applications.

The development of source code for software that is made available for public collaboration, and it is usually released as open-source software.